A baby’s heart begins to form just weeks after conception, and while most hearts develop perfectly, congenital heart defects remain the most common birth anomalies. Among these, a Ventricular Septal ...

Ventricular septal defect is a hole in the wall between the right and left ventricles of the heart. This abnormality usually develops before birth and is found most often in infants. The ventricles ...

Aim: To find out the significance of murmurs heard during infancy. Methods: Retrospective audit of all infants with newly heard murmurs referred from April 2007 to October 2009 to cardiac clinics in ...

SINCE the advent of open-heart surgery ventricular septal defects have become a surgically correctable anomaly. Surgeons, in their understandable enthusiasm, have recommended early repair of these ...

All right-sided murmurs increase with inspiration (Carvallo sign). Many left-sided murmurs decrease with inspiration, but they may be very difficult to hear. Therefore, respiratory variation can help ...

What are the three causes of holosystolic murmurs? The three main causes of holosystolic murmurs are mitral valve regurgitation, tricuspid valve regurgitation, and a ventricular septal defect. On rare ...