Dr. Myerburg answers the question: 'How Do Pacemakers Know To Pace Faster?' — -- Question: How do pacemakers know when I need a faster heart rate, for example when I am exercising or anxious?

La Gerche said studies show bradycardia, defined in the study as a heart rate ≤ 40 beats/min, and sinus pauses of 2-3 seconds ...

From artificial heart valves to cellular transplants, new treatments for cardiovascular ailments are being developed every day. To model how they work, researchers need a reliable way to observe the ...